The existing landscape performance evaluation research has problems such as the lack of ecological theory support in the evaluation system, the lack of comprehensive performance evaluation of water landscape according to the scale of site design, the completeness of the selection of framework or indicators, and the lack of typicality and availability. Therefore, the authors fully combed the four existing systems of landscape performance evaluation. At the same time, the related theories of water ecosystem services were studied, the types and elements of water ecosystem services were identified, and then the logical relationship between water ecosystem services and landscape performance evaluation were clarified. Based on the water ecosystem service theory, combined with the relevant international landscape performance evaluation system and indicators, the authors built a scientific and operable comprehensive performance evaluation index system for water landscapes, including 5 types of project layers, 10 types of criteria layers and 28 indicators. The relevant results are expected to provide a basis for the 

optimization of design strategies for water landscape designers.